As further support, the Y haplogroup R1b-M269, the most frequent present-day western European haplogroup and associated with expansions that brought Steppe ancestry into Britain 13 and Iberia 14 ...Haplogroup R-M167. In human genetics, Haplogroup R-M167 (R1b1a1a2a1a2a1b1a1) is a Y-chromosome haplogroup which is a subdivision of Haplogroup R-DF27 and the wider haplogroup R-M269 (more specifically, its subclade R-) defined by the presence of the marker M167 (also known as SRY2627). [2] Haplogroup I first appears in Europe with the arrival of Proto-Indo-European cultures, notably the Unetice culture associated with Y-haplogroup R1b. The absence of haplogroup I from Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic sites, and from modern non-Indo-European speaking populations such as the Saami, the Basques and the Maghrebians all play in ... 3 Jul 2013 ... ... Basques harbor some autochthonous lineages, suggesting a genetic continuity since pre-Neolithic times. However, excluding haplogroup H, the ...Haplogroup H is the most frequent haplogroup in both Europe and the Near East but occurs at frequencies of only 25%30% in the Near East and the Caucasus, whereas the frequency is generally 50% in European populations and reaches a maximum of 60% in the Basque country.Haplogroup X is one of the few West Eurasian haplogroups (along with N1 and N2, which include haplogroups I and W) that does not descend directly from haplogroup R (the ancestor of haplogroups HV, H, V, J, T, U and K), but directly from the older macro-haplogroup N, upstream of haplogroup R. These are known as 'Basal Eurasian' because they are ...The rare variety R1b1c4 (R1b1b2a2c) has almost always been found among the Basque people, both in the Northern and Southern Basque Country. The variety R1b1c6 (R1b1b2a2d) registers a high incidence in the Basque population, 19%. The Y-DNA haplogroup R1b (R-M269) (R1b1a2) is also prominent among the Bashkirs of the Volga …Besides these two, the most common mtDNA lineages among Basques are H1, H3 and V. Among these, this paper finds that sublineages H1j1 and V10 are notably common in the country. Overall and based in an array of older papers, the authors feel that they must support the post-LGM recolonization theory, which would have originated from …Ethnic group. Italo-celto-germanic. Apr 21, 2018. #1. The distribution and origins of E-V13 are one of the most perplexing of any haplogroups. Over the years people have hypothesised that it originated with ancient Greeks, Neolithic farmers, Balkans people, Steppe people, Romans, Celts, Indo-Europeans in general or whatever imaginable scenario.Aug 10, 2005 · The majority (about 86%) of the Basque Y chromosomes belong to haplogroup R1 * (xR1a,R1b3f)-M173, of which R1b3 * -M269 accounts for 88% ( Figure 1 ). As this haplogroup is also the most... If we extrapolated directly from haplogroup frequencies, then R1b-DF27 would have originated in the Basque Country; however, for R1b-DF27 and most of its subhaplogroups, internal diversity ...But first the pearl of this work, the discovery of novel Basque-specific sublineages of haplogroup H. They are detailed in table 1: Table 1. But there is even more data in the supplemental materials, …The majority (about 86%) of the Basque Y chromosomes belong to haplogroup R1 * (xR1a,R1b3f)-M173, of which R1b3 * -M269 accounts for 88% ( Figure 1 ). As this haplogroup is also the most...The Basque population inhabits the Franco-Cantabrian region in southwest Europe where Palaeolithic human groups took refuge during the Last Glacial Maximum. Basques have been an isolated...Like other Western Europeans, among Spaniards and Portuguese the Y-DNA Haplogroup R1b is the most frequent, occurring at over 70% throughout most of Spain. R1b is particularly dominant in the Basque Country and Catalonia, occurring at rate of over 80%. In Iberia, most men with R1b belong to the subclade R-P312 (R1b1a1a2a1a2; as of 2017). Ethnic group. Italo-celto-germanic. Apr 21, 2018. #1. The distribution and origins of E-V13 are one of the most perplexing of any haplogroups. Over the years people have hypothesised that it originated with ancient Greeks, Neolithic farmers, Balkans people, Steppe people, Romans, Celts, Indo-Europeans in general or whatever imaginable scenario.18 Feb 2010 ... Basques are a cultural isolate, and, according to mainly allele frequencies of classical polymorphisms, also a genetic isolate. We investigated ...Aug 10, 2005 · The majority (about 86%) of the Basque Y chromosomes belong to haplogroup R1 * (xR1a,R1b3f)-M173, of which R1b3 * -M269 accounts for 88% ( Figure 1 ). As this haplogroup is also the most... Abstract. The European paternal lineage R-DF27 has been proposed as a haplogroup of Iberian origin due to its maximum frequencies in the Iberian Peninsula. In this study, the distribution and structure of DF27 were characterized in 591 unrelated male individuals from four key populations of the north area of the Iberian Peninsula through the ...Modern DNA research into male Y chromosomes has found that the R1b haplogroup reaches very high concentrations in Western Ireland and the Basque country in northern Spain. While the picture for matrilineal descent (mother to daughter) is more complex, it seems that the northern Spanish and the Irish might have common male ancestors at some ...The Basques spread in Northwest Europe with the Bell Beakers and R1b male haplogroup. Kura-Araxes/Khirbet-Kerak influence is not excluded AREA AND CONTACTS ...News. Results. Y-DNA Results: Abadie - R1b1: Western European origin. This lineage is also the haplogroup containing the Atlantic modal haplotype. Basque people belong to …Modern DNA research into male Y chromosomes has found that the R1b haplogroup reaches very high concentrations in Western Ireland and the Basque country in northern Spain. While the picture for matrilineal descent (mother to daughter) is more complex, it seems that the northern Spanish and the Irish might have common male ancestors at some ...In one such attempt, a previously published 19-loci Y-STR dataset with associated Y-SNP haplogroup assignments for a Basque population sample (n=116) was used to assess the accuracy of the Whit ...Basque and Celtic people belong to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest settlers of the Iberian Peninsula. 65% of modern day Iberians share this origin. The following markers are common to the people bordering Europe's Atlantic within a couple of steps; DYS19 (DYS394)=14, DYS388=12, DYS390=24, DYS391=11, DYS392=13 and DYS393=13. Apr 1, 2021. Genetic analysis is all the rage and two separate studies have provided new insights into two peoples: the Scythians of yore, and the Basques of today. The story of the Scythians is one of motion: strangers riding in and mixing with the locals, only to have the same thing happen to them some centuries later.Additionally, haplogroup V has been observed at higher than average levels among Cantabrian people (15%) of northern Iberia, and at a lower percentage among the adjacent Basque (10.4%). Haplogroup V is also found in parts of Northwest Africa.View attachment 13624 View attachment 13625 One interesting detail about Basques, the only people that preserve relative old languages indigenous to Europe, Is that they have a lot more I2(Native) than G2(Inmigrant agriculturalist). Among Western European men the I2:G haplogroups ratio is way more 'equilibrated'. But for some reason among …Haplogroup I1: “The haplogroup reaches its peak frequencies in Sweden (52 percent of males in Västra Götaland County) and western Finland (more than 50 percent in Satakunta province). [6] In terms of national averages, I-M253 is found in 35–38 per cent of Swedish males, 32.8% of Danish males, about 31.5% of Norwegian males and about …DF27 haplogroup seems to have a geographical significance in the Iberian Peninsula. The TMRCAs suggest DF27 is a young lineage that arose 4176 ± 696 years ago. DF27 could be used to trace Iberian male migrations into the Americas. DF27 could be used to trace the biogeographic paternal origin of a forensic evidence.A pre-M269 but non-M73 male, i.e. leading from P297 towards M269 ancestor was found in Samara culture on the Volga River living around 5500 BC. It was also confirmed that the Kurgan-building Yamnaya steppe …Mesopotamian protohistory. Attempts have been made by philologists to reach conclusions about the origin of the flowering of civilization in southern Mesopotamia by the analysis of Sumerian words. It has been thought possible to isolate an earlier, non-Sumerian substratum from the Sumerian vocabulary by assigning certain words on the basis of …Haplogroup R1b is dominant throughout Western Europe. While it was once seen as a lineage connecting Britain and Ireland to Iberia, where it is also common, it is now believed that both R1b and R1a entered Europe with Indo-European migrants likely originating around the Black Sea ; [8] R1a and R1b are now the most common haplotypes in Europe.The X haplogroup appears to have entered America in limited numbers perhaps as long ago as 34,000 B.C. appearing in much greater numbers from 12,000 B.C. to 10,000 B.C. ... Europe, the ancient Basques, and America, a migration from the Gobi to all of these areas is doubtful. The Cayce readings cite a series of large and small migrations …When the Basque haplogroup diversity is placed in the framework of the surrounding populations, the PCA obtained (figs. 2a and 3a) together with previous …Haplogroup R1b-M269 comprises most Western European Y chromosomes; of its main branches, R1b-DF27 is by far the least known, and it appears to be highly prevalent only in Iberia. We have genotyped ...We identified six mtDNA haplogroups, H1j1, H1t1, H2a5a1, H1av1, H3c2a, and H1e1a1, which are autochthonous to the Franco-Cantabrian region and, more …To this end, we characterized the maternal ancestry of Basque- and non-Basque-speaking populations from the Franco-Cantabrian region and, by sequencing complete mtDNA genomes, we focused on haplogroup H—the most dominant haplogroup in Europeans and in Basques in particular (∼45%).13,14,34,36 In contrast to genome-wide analysis and Y ...E-V22/YF66572. mtDNA haplogroup. J1c5c1. Dec 14, 2011. #3. spongetaro. J1c is found at 10% among Basque people. When you look at this distribution map, it looks like the dark areas show the oldest form of R1b (L23, M173) in western Eurasia. There is also a medium dark area around Austria.1 Apr 2021 ... The largest-ever study of almost 2,000 DNA samples carried out by researchers at Pompeu Fabra university (UPF) in Barcelona has confirmed ...Etruscan origins. A map showing the extent of Etruria and the Etruscan civilization. The map includes the 12 cities of the Etruscan League and notable cities founded by the Etruscans. In classical antiquity, several theses were elaborated on the origin of the Etruscans from the 5th century BC, when the Etruscan civilization had been already ...Haplogroup I first appears in Europe with the arrival of Proto-Indo-European cultures, notably the Unetice culture associated with Y-haplogroup R1b. The absence of haplogroup I from Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic sites, and from modern non-Indo-European speaking populations such as the Saami, the Basques and the Maghrebians all play in ...Mar 10, 2021 · Six major haplogroups (R, I, E, J, G, and DE) were detected, being R-S116 (P312) haplogroup the most abundant at 75.0% in Alava, 86.7% in Guipuzcoa and 87.3% in Vizcaya. Age estimates for the... The ‘genetic wars’ in Iberia deal with haplogroup R1b-P312, and how it was neither ‘native’ nor associated with Basques and non-Indo-European peoples in general. The ‘genetic wars’ in South Asia are concerned with the steppe origin of R1a, to prove that it is not a ‘native’ haplogroup to India, and thus neither are Indo-Aryan ...Abstract This study examines the genetic variation in Basque Y chromo-some lineages using data on 12 Y-short tandem repeat (STR) loci in a sample of 158 males from four Basque provinces of Spain (Alava, Vizcaya, Guipuzcoa, and Navarre). As reported in previous studies, the Basques are characterized by high frequencies of haplogroup Rib (83%). AMOVAThe haplogroup composition of the Iberian Neolithic population shows similarities to the Early Neolithic data from Anatolia (~6500–6000 BCE), the Carpathian Basin (~5800–4900 BCE), and Central ...Apr 6, 2015 · “” Haplogroup R-M269 is the sub-clade of human Y-chromosome haplogroup R1b that is defined by the SNP marker M269. According to ISOGG 2020 it is phylogenetically classified as R1b1a1b. It underwent intensive research and was previously classified as R1b1a2 (2003 to 2005), R1b1c (2005 to 2008), and R1b1b2 (2008 to 2011)[3] R-M153 is called the “Basque Marker” and is virtually nonexistent outside of the Basque Country or with non-Basques. 23andMe does not test for R-M153. On July 30th, we updated the paternal haplogroup algorithm to consider an expanded set of variants on the Y chromosome. As a result, certain customers on the v5 chip will observe updated ...histories and that, in regard to haplogroup U8, Basques show higher genetic affinities with continental European populations than with the Mediterranean ones, including the Iberian Peninsula.Edgar Cayce said that the Atlanteans first settled in the Pyrenees Mountains of France and Spain, which is the same area where the Basque live. It is not hard to see where people will make the leap, in their understanding, to want to connect the RH negative people to the Atlanteans. crystalwind.ca. First though, we should study about all the ...Basque and Celtic people belong to this Haplogroup and they were among the earliest settlers of the Iberian Peninsula. 65% of modern day Iberians share this origin. The following markers are common to the people bordering Europe's Atlantic within a couple of steps; DYS19 (DYS394)=14, DYS388=12, DYS390=24, DYS391=11, DYS392=13 and …Haplogroup H is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. The clade is believed to have originated in Southwest Asia , near present day Syria, [1] around 20,000 to 25,000 years ago. Mitochondrial haplogroup H is today predominantly found in Europe, and is believed to have evolved before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM).origins (Richards et al. 1996). Haplogroup V has been proposed as a signal of population expansion after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), but the absence of this haplogroup in an ancient sample from the Basque region called this hypothesis into question (Izágirre and de la Rua 1999; Torroni et al. 1998). InHigh frequency of mtDNA haplogroup H in a medieval population of the Basque Country. • A relationship between mtDNA sub-haplogroup H2 and Spondyloarthropathies. • Paleopathology and aDNA analysis: an approach to understand the arthropathies. • The Cathedral of Santa María (Vitoria-Gasteiz): a case-study for medieval populations.13 Nov 2022 ... This video introduces the spread of the Y-DNA haplogroup R1b, one of the main paternal lineages of the current European population.Haplogroup V is a relatively rare mtDNA haplogroup, occurring in around 4% of native Europeans. [4] Its highest concentration is among the Saami people of northern Fennoscandia (~59%). It has been found at a frequency of approximately 10% among the Maris of the Volga-Ural region, leading to the suggestion that this region might be the source of ...7 Sep 2010 ... European mtDNA haplogroups, as opposed to those with fewer Basque ... haplogroup diversity in Basques: A reassessment based on HVI and HVII ...But first the pearl of this work, the discovery of novel Basque-specific sublineages of haplogroup H. They are detailed in table 1: Table 1. But there is even more data in the supplemental materials, however it is not well organized (specially all the non-H sequences: merely tabbed in PDF format) and requires some hard work to put together.3 Jul 2013 ... ... Basques harbor some autochthonous lineages, suggesting a genetic continuity since pre-Neolithic times. However, excluding haplogroup H, the ...Maternal Haplogroup K2b1a1a (mtDNA) is pretty rare. Let’s form our own tribe! Join only if you personally share this haplogroup. Summary of K2b1a1a...Modern DNA research into male Y chromosomes has found that the R1b haplogroup reaches very high concentrations in Western Ireland and the Basque country in northern Spain. While the picture for matrilineal descent (mother to daughter) is more complex, it seems that the northern Spanish and the Irish might have common male ancestors at some ...Haplogroup U5b3 frequencies, ... Iberian Peninsula 38,59, there are few complete ancient mitogenome sequences publicly available particularly beyond the Basque region.Six major haplogroups (R, I, E, J, G, and DE) were detected, being R-S116 (P312) haplogroup the most abundant at 75.0% in Alava, 86.7% in Guipuzcoa and 87.3% in Vizcaya. Age estimates for the...Mar 10, 2021 · Six major haplogroups (R, I, E, J, G, and DE) were detected, being R-S116 (P312) haplogroup the most abundant at 75.0% in Alava, 86.7% in Guipuzcoa and 87.3% in Vizcaya. Age estimates for the R-S116 mutation in the Basque Country are 3975 ± 303, 3680 ± 345 and 4553 ± 285 years for Alava, Guipuzcoa and Vizcaya, respectively. Pairwise Rst ... Haplogroup K2b1, known sometimes as haplogroup MS, is a human Y-DNA haplogroup, defined by SNPs P397 and P399. It has a complex, diverse and not-yet fully understood internal structure; its downstream descendants include the major haplogroups Haplogroup M (P256) and Haplogroup S (M230).. It is not clear at present whether the basal …Edgar Cayce said that the Atlanteans first settled in the Pyrenees Mountains of France and Spain, which is the same area where the Basque live. It is not hard to see where people will make the leap, in their understanding, to want to connect the RH negative people to the Atlanteans. crystalwind.ca. First though, we should study about all the ...Feb 18, 2010 · A new paper in Human Genetics supports the contention that the Basque are just like other Europeans, A genome-wide survey does not show the genetic distinctiveness of Basques: Basques are a cultural isolate, and, according to mainly allele frequencies of classical polymorphisms, also a genetic isolate. We investigated the differentiation of ... 12 Mar 2012 ... The frequency of haplogroup U8a in French and Basques, although low, is noteworthy because it is not present in any of the Spanish samples. This ...Genetic studies on Y-DNA haplogroups have revealed that the dominant frequency for Bashkir males is the haplogroup R1b (R-M269 and R-M73) which is, on average, 47.6%. The second most dominant haplogroup is haplogroup R1a at an average frequency of 26,5%, and the third is haplogroup N1c at 17%.The Basque population inhabits the Franco-Cantabrian region in southwest Europe where Palaeolithic human groups took refuge during the Last Glacial Maximum. Basques have been an isolated...With the development of DNA testing, many researchers have come to agree that the Basque people are descended from Neolithic farmers. These farmers were able to thrive in the rugged Basque region of the Pyrenees mountains. Interesting fact: Euskara, the Basque language spoken by at least 750,000 people, is the oldest language in the …In those areas, the X haplogroup has primarily been found in parts of Spain, Bulgaria, Finland, Italy, and Israel. A few people with the X type have been identified in the Altasians tribe located in extreme southern Siberia in the Gobi Desert area. In addition, the 'X’ type has now been found in the ancient remains of the Basque people.Basques still speak an evolved version of a language brought by an early (4th millennium BC) group of Eastern people whose descendants have been less affected by admixture with later IE-speaking arrivals. Name of Basque is very similar to Bashkir (Baskara), R1b has a high frequency among Bashkirs too. A.“” Haplogroup R-M269 is the sub-clade of human Y-chromosome haplogroup R1b that is defined by the SNP marker M269. According to ISOGG 2020 it is phylogenetically classified as R1b1a1b. ... So which is older .. …Here we report on the Y haplogroup and Y-STR diversity of the three autochthonous Basque populations of Alava (n = 54), Guipuzcoa (n = 30) and Vizcaya …Figure 21. Y haplogroups in the Spanish Basque Provinces 114 Figure 22. Skeleton median-joining network of R1b haplotypes in the four Basque Provinces 116 Figure 23. mtDNA haplogroups among Basques 118 Figure 24. Network of Basque Haplogroup H sequences 125 Figure 25. Comparison of p values from the exact test of HWE for correctedHaplogroup R1b1a-S116*, which has its greatest frequency in Iberia was, by far, the most frequent haplogroup observed in our sample, representing 32.5% of the Y chromosomes investigated [34,35]. Other R1b1a-M269 sub-lineages, more prevalent in other parts of Europe were also detected, including R1b1a-L23*, R1b1a-U106, R1b1a-U152 and …The Basque haplogroup is different from most other French and Spanish people, despite a largely congruous geographic location. Recent research by Swedish archaeologists suggests that modern Basques are descended from Neolithic farmers who migrated to the northwest corner of Spain around 3,000-3,500 years ago and mixed with hunter-gatherers ...Haplogroup K2b (P331), also known as MPS is a human y-chromosome haplogroup that is thought to be less than 3,000 years younger than K, and less than 10,000 years younger than F, meaning it probably is around 50,000 years old, according to the age estimates of Tatiana Karafet et al. 2014. Basal K2b* has not been identified in living males.. K2b1 …
1 Apr 2021 ... The largest-ever study of almost 2,000 DNA samples carried out by researchers at Pompeu Fabra university (UPF) in Barcelona has confirmed .... Space force rotc colleges
Jun 25, 2012 · Tweet. #5. 26 June 2012, 10:25 AM. Seeing as how the maternal haplogroup came from your most distant female direct ancestor it absolutely could have been Jewish. People convert all the time and many Jews converted out of pressure of banishment or death. Coming from a place like Galicia I would not doubt this is the case. As reported in previous studies, the Basques are characterized by high frequencies of haplogroup R1b (83%). AMOVA analysis... Cite · Download full-text ...Feb 19, 2011 · iapetoc, I accept your suggestion and correct mapping to haplogroups of words with meaning 'tower' in following way: haplogroups E & J & (I2a?) Calli/ Kelli / Celli /Celleia Greek kula - Macedonian & Bulgarian kullë/ kala - Albanian kule/kale - Turkish kula - in Serbian & Croatian it is related to tower of middle age fortress, thus military term... haplogroup I toranj - Serbian & Croatian ... Haplogroup R1b-M269 comprises most Western European Y chromosomes; of its main branches, R1b-DF27 is by far the least known, and it appears to be highly prevalent only in Iberia. We have genotyped ...Haplogroup U is a human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup (mtDNA). ... Haplogroup U8a: The Basques have the most ancestral phylogeny in Europe for the mitochondrial haplogroup U8a. This is a rare subgroup of U8, placing the Basque origin of this lineage in the Upper Palaeolithic. The lack of U8a lineages in Africa suggests that their ancestors …origins (Richards et al. 1996). Haplogroup V has been proposed as a signal of population expansion after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), but the absence of this haplogroup in an ancient sample from the Basque region called this hypothesis into question (Izágirre and de la Rua 1999; Torroni et al. 1998). InBasques still speak an evolved version of a language brought by an early (4th millennium BC) group of Eastern people whose descendants have been less affected by admixture with later IE-speaking arrivals. Name of Basque is very similar to Bashkir (Baskara), R1b has a high frequency among Bashkirs too. A.High frequency of mtDNA haplogroup H in a medieval population of the Basque Country. • A relationship between mtDNA sub-haplogroup H2 and Spondyloarthropathies. • Paleopathology and aDNA analysis: an approach to understand the arthropathies. • The Cathedral of Santa María (Vitoria-Gasteiz): a case-study for medieval populations.Mesopotamian protohistory. Attempts have been made by philologists to reach conclusions about the origin of the flowering of civilization in southern Mesopotamia by the analysis of Sumerian words. It has been thought possible to isolate an earlier, non-Sumerian substratum from the Sumerian vocabulary by assigning certain words on the basis of …Six major haplogroups (R, I, E, J, G, and DE) were detected, being R-S116 (P312) haplogroup the most abundant at 75.0% in Alava, 86.7% in Guipuzcoa and 87.3% in Vizcaya. Age estimates for the...Haplogroup V is a relatively rare mtDNA haplogroup, occurring in around 4% of native Europeans. [4] Its highest concentration is among the Saami people of northern Fennoscandia (~59%). It has been found at a frequency of approximately 10% among the Maris of the Volga-Ural region, leading to the suggestion that this region might be the source of ... “” Haplogroup R-M269 is the sub-clade of human Y-chromosome haplogroup R1b that is defined by the SNP marker M269. According to ISOGG 2020 it is phylogenetically classified as R1b1a1b. It underwent intensive research and was previously classified as R1b1a2 (2003 to 2005), R1b1c (2005 to 2008), and R1b1b2 (2008 to 2011)[3]Y-DNA haplogroup L705.2/L159.2/Z220 mtDNA haplogroup H* Aug 2, 2013 #2 Maciamo said: ... To be honest, the many thinly supported 'Basque theorizing' out there doesn't go too far with me. The Basque people probably have a heavy Indo-European male bias, no different from Cherokees, African Americans or other groups. ...The mtDNA haplogroup composition of the French does not differ significantly from the surrounding European genetic landscape. At a finer grain, microgeographical differentiation can be revealed, as shown for the French Basque country and for Brittany.Apr 1, 2021. Genetic analysis is all the rage and two separate studies have provided new insights into two peoples: the Scythians of yore, and the Basques of today. The story of the Scythians is one of motion: strangers riding in and mixing with the locals, only to have the same thing happen to them some centuries later.Genetic studies on Y-DNA haplogroups have revealed that the dominant frequency for Bashkir males is the haplogroup R1b (R-M269 and R-M73) which is, on average, 47.6%. The second most dominant haplogroup is haplogroup R1a at an average frequency of 26,5%, and the third is haplogroup N1c at 17%.Through 23 & Me and an adoption record I found his biological mother, but his biological father is proving to be a bit more complicated as there was no mention of him on the adoption records. My dad did 23 & Me as well and through his results I found out his paternal haplogroup is R-Z278. One of his DNA matched relatives (let's call him CU) has ....
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